From Screen to Stream: A Guide to Indie Film Distribution
You’ve spent months, maybe years, creating your independent film—a work of art that reflects your creativity, grit and perseverance.
Now, you’re facing one of the most critical stages of the filmmaking journey: distribution.
How will you get your masterpiece in front of an audience? And what’s the best strategy to maximize both viewership and, potentially, profit?
For independent filmmakers, choosing the right distribution method can be confusing. Unlike big-budget studio films, indie projects often lack built-in access to major chains or big marketing budgets.
But don’t worry—today’s distribution landscape offers more opportunities than ever before, especially with the rise of Video-on-Demand (VOD) platforms.
Whether you want to share your work with the world and build a following or you’re ready to monetize your project and sell the rights, this guide will help you navigate the wide range of options available.
So let’s take a look.
The Rise of VOD
Video on Demand (VOD) has totally changed the course for indie filmmakers, letting them sidestep the traditional gatekeepers and go straight to their audience.
No need to rely on pricey theatre releases or DVD sales anymore—you can simply upload your film to a platform where people can stream or buy it with just a few clicks.
The best part? VOD is incredibly flexible. Whether you’re looking to grow your fan base or ready to start making some money from your art, there’s a platform out there that fits your needs.
But with so many options, where do you even begin?
Types of VOD Platforms: Finding the Right Fit
VOD isn’t a one-size-fits-all model.
Different platforms cater to different needs and your choice will depend on what you prioritize—whether it’s wide exposure, retaining creative control or maximizing revenue.
Let’s break down the three main types of VOD platforms and how each might suit your goals as an independent filmmaker:
1. SVOD (Subscription Video on Demand)
SVOD platforms are subscription-based services where viewers pay a monthly fee to access a library of content.
Netflix, Hulu and Amazon Prime Video are the heavy hitters in this space. Getting your indie film on one of these major platforms can be a big opportunity, as they offer massive built-in audiences. However, competition is tough and without some buzz or festival recognition, the chances of being picked up are pretty slim.
But don’t be discouraged. Smaller SVOD platforms like Mubi, Film Movement and Fandor are specifically focused on indie films and niche audiences.
These platforms may not have the same visibility as Netflix, but they actively seek out unique, original content and offer a meaningful space for your film to shine.
Pros of SVOD:
- Vast audiences on larger platforms
- Recurring revenue through licensing deals
- Potential for significant visibility if picked up by a major player
Cons of SVOD:
- Highly competitive, especially for new filmmakers
- May require an established track record
- May need to forfeit some creative control or exclusivity
2. TVOD (Transactional Video on Demand)
TVOD, also known as pay-per-view or rental, lets viewers rent or buy films one at a time.
Platforms like iTunes, Google Play and Vimeo On Demand use this model. If you’re an indie filmmaker who wants more control over your revenue and distribution, TVOD could be a great option. You set the price and you keep a bigger share of the sales.
The challenge? Without a solid marketing plan or a built-in fan base, it can be tough to drive traffic to your film. Unlike SVOD, where your film is bundled into a subscription, TVOD asks viewers to pay up front, which can be a harder sell for filmmakers who are just starting out.
Pros of TVOD:
- Greater control over pricing and distribution
- Higher potential revenue compared to SVOD
- Flexibility in terms of where and when your film is made available
Cons of TVOD:
- Requires robust marketing efforts to drive traffic
- Less passive exposure compared to SVOD platforms
- Harder to build a large audience unless your film already has buzz
3. AVOD (Advertising-Based Video on Demand)
AVOD platforms, such as YouTube, Tubi and Crackle, offer films to viewers for free, but with ads playing throughout.
In return, filmmakers earn revenue from those ads.
AVOD is an ideal option for independent filmmakers who prioritize exposure over profit. It’s a great way to get your film in front of a broad audience with minimal barriers to entry. For films that may not have a clear commercial angle but could attract a niche following, AVOD can be a solid choice.
Plus, many AVOD platforms allow for global distribution, making it easier to reach audiences in other countries without negotiating complicated licensing deals.
Pros of AVOD:
- Low barrier to entry for filmmakers
- Wide exposure with minimal marketing needed
- Global reach, often with no distribution fees
Cons of AVOD:
- Lower revenue potential compared to SVOD and TVOD
- Dependent on the number of ads watched, which may fluctuate
- Limited control over how your film is presented alongside ads
DIY Distribution: Taking Control of Your Film’s Destiny
For filmmakers who want to be in the driver’s seat, DIY distribution is the option for you.
Self-publishing through platforms like Vimeo On Demand, Amazon Prime Direct or even YouTube is easier than you think.
These platforms let you upload your film, set your own pricing and market it directly to your audience. With DIY distribution, you’re in the driver’s seat—total creative control is yours.
Of course, that also means you’ll have a lot more on your plate. DIY distribution can be time consuming, from handling upload specs to managing your own marketing.
But if you’re up for the challenge it can be one of the most rewarding ways to get your film out there, all while keeping full ownership of your content.
DIY VOD checklist:
- Make sure your film meets the technical requirements of the platform (file format, resolution, etc.).
- Craft an effective promotional campaign, leveraging social media, influencers and press outlets.
- Engage with your audience, responding to reviews and building a loyal fan base.
- Consider offering exclusive behind-the-scenes content or bonus features to incentivize purchases.
Selling Film Rights and Monetizing Your Film
If your film has gained traction and you’re looking to take things to the next level, it might be time to explore options for selling your film rights or securing wider distribution deals.
Here’s what you need to know about when moving beyond the DIY stage:
1. Sales Agents
A sales agent is essentially a middleman who works on your behalf to secure distribution deals, whether through VOD platforms, theatrical releases or international buyers.
Sales agents have established relationships with distributors and can help you negotiate better deals than you might on your own. However, they usually take a percentage of the sales, so make sure you find an agent whose values align with your goals.
When working with a sales agent, make sure you understand the contract terms. Some agents will require you to sign over exclusive distribution rights, which may limit your ability to self-publish or release on other platforms.
2. Film Festivals
Film festivals such as Sundance, Tribeca and the Toronto International Film Festival are invaluable for indie filmmakers looking to attract the attention of distributors.
Festivals can serve as a launching pad for your career, as buyers often attend in search of fresh, original content.
If your film is selected, it may open the door to deals with major distribution companies, both in the US and internationally.
However, keep in mind that festivals are highly competitive and the cost of submitting your film can add up. Be strategic in choosing which festivals to enter, focusing on those with a history of supporting indie films similar to yours.
3. International Distribution
Selling the international rights to your film can provide significant revenue, but it’s not without its challenges.
Each country has its own distribution networks, audience preferences and licensing laws.
Working with an experienced sales agent or distributor is crucial if you’re planning to enter the global market. You’ll need to navigate complex legal agreements and ensure that your film is properly localized (dubbed or subtitled) for each region.
Hybrid Distribution Models: The Best of Both Worlds
This approach not only opens up multiple revenue streams but also keeps your options flexible for future opportunities.
Here’s why hybrid distribution can be a game changer for your film:
- Diverse platforms
Release your film on various platforms, reaching different audiences. Whether it’s streaming, rental or physical sales, you can find the right fit for your film. - Increased revenue streams
By leveraging both self-publishing and traditional methods, you can tap into multiple income sources—helping you maximize your earnings. - Creative control
Unlike traditional distribution, hybrid models allow you to retain control over your marketing strategies and release timelines, making sure your vision stays intact. - Flexibility for future deals
Keeping your distribution options open means you can adapt your strategy as your film gains traction. If you receive interest from distributors later, you won’t be locked into a single agreement. - Audience engagement
By controlling your marketing, you can directly engage with your audience, build a loyal fan base and gather valuable feedback.
Hybrid distribution is all about striking the right balance between creative freedom and strategic planning.
It allows you to navigate the fast-paced landscape of film distribution while still showcasing your unique voice as a filmmaker.
The Path Forward
Distributing your independent film is a journey in itself, one that requires careful planning and a clear understanding of your goals.
Whether you’re looking to share your work with as many viewers as possible or aiming to sell your film rights and secure a wider release, the right distribution strategy can make all the difference.
Remember, there’s no “one-size-fits-all” solution. The path you choose should align with your artistic vision, budget and long-term aspirations.
For more insights into film distribution, be sure to check out this guide on alternative distribution methods.
And if you’re interested in deepening your filmmaking knowledge, explore our filmmaking programs to take your skills to the next level.
Good luck!
The Los Angeles Film School Team